For wastewater process, under low temperature conditions (below 10 ℃), the treatment efficiency of activated sludge process will be significantly affected, but the following measures can effectively improve its treatment efficiency:
1. Optimize operating parameters
(1) Reduce sludge load: By reducing the inflow rate or increasing the sludge concentration, the sludge load can be reduced to enhance microbial activity.
(2) Increase hydraulic retention time: Extend the hydraulic retention time appropriately to ensure that microorganisms have sufficient time to degrade organic matter.
(3) Increasing sludge concentration: By reducing the discharge of excess sludge, increasing the sludge concentration in the biochemical tank, and increasing the total amount of microorganisms.
(4) Extending sludge age: Properly extending sludge age can increase the number and activity of nitrifying bacteria, and improve the system's ability to resist low temperatures.
2. Take insulation measures
(1) Pool insulation: Insulate the treatment facilities to reduce heat loss and increase water temperature. For example, designing the pool body as buried or covering the surface of the pool body with insulation material.
(2) Inlet water heating: If conditions permit, heat the inlet water to increase the water temperature to a suitable range for microbial growth (such as 10-15 ℃), thereby improving nitrification efficiency.
3. Add external carbon sources and microbial agents
(1) Supplementing carbon source: When the influent carbon source is insufficient, add external carbon sources such as sodium acetate to support the denitrification process.
(2) Add cold resistant bacterial strains: Add low-temperature resistant microbial agents to improve nitrification efficiency. Research has shown that microorganisms domesticated at low temperatures can better adapt to low-temperature environments and improve the processing efficiency of the system.
4. Adopting composite technology
(1) Biofilm activated sludge composite process: Adopting a biofilm activated sludge composite process, such as a fluidized bed biofilm reactor, can improve the treatment efficiency of the system.
5. Real time monitoring and adjustment
(1) Strengthen water quality monitoring: adjust operating parameters based on real-time data to ensure the effectiveness of ammonia nitrogen treatment.
(2) Adjust the aeration rate: Increase the dissolved oxygen content by increasing the aeration time and intensity, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen concentration in the aerobic tank is between 2.0-3.5 mg/L.
6. Anaerobic granular sludge technology
Anaerobic granular sludge for treating low-temperature wastewater: Anaerobic granular sludge has good sedimentation performance and methane production activity, and can treat toxic wastewater under low-temperature conditions.